ChemStudy

William H. Stein (USA, 1911/06/25 - 1980/02/02)

Studies on the active enter of ribonuclease

1975

John W. Cornforth (United Kingdom, *1917/09/07 - )

Stereochemistry of enzyme catalysis reactions

Vladimir Prelog (Switzerland, Yugoslavia, *1906/07/23 - )

Studies on the stereochemistry of organic molecules and reactions

1977

Ilya Prigogine (Belgium, *1917/01/25 - )

Contributions to the thermodynamics of irreversible processes, particularly to the theory of dissipative structures

1978

Peter D. Mitchell (United Kingdom, *1920/09/29 - )

Studies of biological energy transfer, development of the chemiosmotic theory

1980

Paul Berg (USA, *1926/06/30 - )

Studies on the biochemistry of nucleic acids, particularly hybrid DNA (technology of gene surgery)

Walter Gilbert (USA, *1932/03/21 - )

Frederick Sanger (United Kingdom, 1918/08/13 - )

Determination of base sequences in nucleic acids

1982

Aaron Klug (United Kingdom, *1926/08/11)

Development of crystallographic methods for the elucidation of biologically important nucleic acid protein complexes

1983

Henry Taube (Canada, *1915/11/30 - )

Reaction mechanisms of electron transfer, especially with metal complexes

1984

Robert Bruce Merrifield (USA, *1921/07/15 - )

Method for the preparation of peptides and proteins

1985

Herbert A. Hauptman (USA, 1917/02/14 - )

Jerome Karle (USA, 1918/06/18 - )

Development of direct methods for the determination of crystal structures

1987

Donald J. Cram (USA, *1919/04/22 - )

Charles J. Pedersen (USA, 1904/10/03 - 1989/10/26)

JeanMarie Lehn (France, *1939/09/30 - )

Development of molecules with structurally specific interaction of high selectivity

1988

Johann Deisenhofer (Germany, *1943/09/30 - )

Robert Huber (Germany, *1937/02/20 - )

Hartmut Michel (Germany, *1948/07/18 - )

Determination of the threedimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction center

1989

Sidney Altman (Canada, *1939/05/08 - )

Thomas Robert Cech (USA, *1947/12/08 - )

Discovery of the catalytic properties of ribonucleic acid (RNA)

1990

Elias James Corey (USA, *1928/07/12 - )

Development of novel methods for the synthesis of complex natural compounds (retrosynthetic analysis)

1992 Rudolph A. Marcus (USA, *1923 - )

Theories of electron transfer

1993

Kary Banks Mullis (USA, *1944 -)

Invention of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Michael Smith (Canada, *1932 - )

Development of site specific mutagenesis

УСТИ (Усти-над-Лабой) , город в Чехии, на р. Лаба, административный центр Северо-Чешской обл. 91 тыс. жителей (1986). Химическая, текстильная, машиностроительная, стекольная промышленность.

СОРРЕНТО (Sorrento) , город в Юж. Италии, в области Кампания, у Неаполитанского зал. Ок. 15 тыс. жителей. Рыболовство, кустарные промыслы. Приморский климатический курорт. Архитектурные памятники 11-17 вв. В 1924-28 в Сорренто жил М. Горький.

ЭССЕКС (Essex) Роберт Девере (1591-1646) , граф, один из лидеров пресвитериан в английской революции 17 в. С 1642 главнокомандующий парламентской армией. Сторонник компромисса с королем. Противился перестройке армии на демократических началах. В 1645 после военных неудач сложил с себя командование.